Added fibonacci example

examples/fibonacci/fibonacci.q

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+main() {
+	syscall(60, fibonacci(10))
+}
+
+fibonacci(x) {
+	if x == 1 || x == 0 {
+		return x
+	}
+
+	return fibonacci(x - 1) + fibonacci(x - 2)
+}

src/build/arch/x64/Registers.go

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ const (
 )
 
 var (
+	AllRegisters         = []cpu.Register{RAX, RCX, RDX, RBX, RSP, RBP, RSI, RDI, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, R15}
 	SyscallRegisters     = []cpu.Register{RAX, RDI, RSI, RDX, R10, R8, R9}
 	GeneralRegisters     = []cpu.Register{RCX, RBX, RBP, R11, R12, R13, R14, R15}
 	CallRegisters        = SyscallRegisters

src/build/core/CompileCall.go

@@ -29,6 +29,12 @@ func (f *Function) CompileCall(root *expression.Expression) error {
 		registers = f.cpu.Syscall[:len(parameters)]
 	}
 
+	for _, register := range f.cpu.Input {
+		if f.cpu.IsUsed(register) {
+			f.SaveRegister(register)
+		}
+	}
+
 	err := f.ExpressionsToRegisters(parameters, registers)
 
 	if err != nil {
@@ -37,7 +43,7 @@ func (f *Function) CompileCall(root *expression.Expression) error {
 
 	// Push
 	for _, register := range f.cpu.General {
-		if !f.cpu.IsFree(register) {
+		if f.cpu.IsUsed(register) {
 			f.assembler.Register(asm.PUSH, register)
 		}
 	}
@@ -53,7 +59,7 @@ func (f *Function) CompileCall(root *expression.Expression) error {
 	for i := len(f.cpu.General) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
 		register := f.cpu.General[i]
 
-		if !f.cpu.IsFree(register) {
+		if f.cpu.IsUsed(register) {
 			f.assembler.Register(asm.POP, register)
 		}
 	}

src/build/core/CompileDefinition.go

@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ func (f *Function) AddVariable(variable *Variable) {
 	}
 
 	f.variables[variable.Name] = variable
+	f.cpu.Reserve(variable.Register)
 	f.cpu.Use(variable.Register)
 }
 
@@ -85,6 +86,7 @@ func (f *Function) storeVariableInRegister(name string, value *expression.Expres
 		panic("no free registers")
 	}
 
+	f.cpu.Reserve(reg)
 	err := f.ExpressionToRegister(value, reg)
 
 	f.AddVariable(&Variable{

src/build/core/ExpressionToRegister.go

@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ func (f *Function) ExpressionToRegister(node *expression.Expression, register cp
 		register = f.cpu.MustFindFree(f.cpu.General)
 	}
 
+	f.cpu.Reserve(register)
 	err := f.ExpressionToRegister(left, register)
 
 	if err != nil {
@@ -47,8 +48,8 @@ func (f *Function) ExpressionToRegister(node *expression.Expression, register cp
 
 	if register != final {
 		f.assembler.RegisterRegister(asm.MOVE, final, register)
+		f.cpu.Free(register)
 	}
 
-	f.cpu.Free(register)
 	return err
 }

src/build/core/Function.go

@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ func NewFunction(name string, file *fs.File, body token.List) *Function {
 				Instructions: make([]asm.Instruction, 0, 32),
 			},
 			cpu: cpu.CPU{
+				All:     x64.AllRegisters,
 				Input:   x64.CallRegisters,
 				General: x64.GeneralRegisters,
 				Syscall: x64.SyscallRegisters,

src/build/core/SaveRegister.go

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+package core
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	"git.akyoto.dev/cli/q/src/build/asm"
+	"git.akyoto.dev/cli/q/src/build/config"
+	"git.akyoto.dev/cli/q/src/build/cpu"
+)
+
+// SaveRegister attempts to move a variable occupying this register to another register.
+func (f *Function) SaveRegister(register cpu.Register) {
+	var variable *Variable
+
+	for _, v := range f.variables {
+		if v.Register == register {
+			variable = v
+			break
+		}
+	}
+
+	if variable == nil || variable.Alive == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+
+	newRegister := f.cpu.MustFindFree(f.cpu.General)
+	f.cpu.Reserve(newRegister)
+	f.cpu.Use(newRegister)
+
+	if config.Comments {
+		f.assembler.Comment(fmt.Sprintf("save %s to %s", register, newRegister))
+	}
+
+	f.assembler.RegisterRegister(asm.MOVE, newRegister, register)
+	f.cpu.Free(register)
+	variable.Register = newRegister
+}

src/build/cpu/CPU.go

@@ -2,28 +2,45 @@ package cpu
 
 // CPU represents the processor.
 type CPU struct {
+	All      []Register
 	General  []Register
 	Syscall  []Register
 	Input    []Register
 	Output   []Register
-	usage   uint64
+	reserved uint64
-}
+	used     uint64
-
-func (c *CPU) Use(reg Register) {
-	c.usage |= (1 << reg)
 }
 
+// Free will reset the reserved and used status which means the register can be allocated again.
 func (c *CPU) Free(reg Register) {
-	c.usage &= ^(1 << reg)
+	c.used &= ^(1 << reg)
+	c.reserved &= ^(1 << reg)
 }
 
-func (c *CPU) IsFree(reg Register) bool {
+// IsReserved returns true if the register was marked for future use.
-	return c.usage&(1<<reg) == 0
+func (c *CPU) IsReserved(reg Register) bool {
+	return c.reserved&(1<<reg) != 0
 }
 
+// IsUsed returns true if the register is currently in use and holds a value.
+func (c *CPU) IsUsed(reg Register) bool {
+	return c.used&(1<<reg) != 0
+}
+
+// Reserve reserves a register for future use.
+func (c *CPU) Reserve(reg Register) {
+	c.reserved |= (1 << reg)
+}
+
+// Use marks a register to be currently in use which means it must be preserved across function calls.
+func (c *CPU) Use(reg Register) {
+	c.used |= (1 << reg)
+}
+
+// FindFree tries to find a free register in the given slice of registers.
 func (c *CPU) FindFree(registers []Register) (Register, bool) {
 	for _, reg := range registers {
-		if c.IsFree(reg) {
+		if !c.IsReserved(reg) {
 			return reg, true
 		}
 	}
@@ -31,6 +48,7 @@ func (c *CPU) FindFree(registers []Register) (Register, bool) {
 	return 0, false
 }
 
+// MustFindFree tries to find a free register and panics if it could not be found.
 func (c *CPU) MustFindFree(registers []Register) Register {
 	register, exists := c.FindFree(registers)
 

tests/examples_test.go

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ var examples = []struct {
 }{
 	{"hello", "", 0},
 	{"write", "ELF", 0},
+	{"fibonacci", "", 55},
 }
 
 func TestExamples(t *testing.T) {

tests/programs/parameters.q

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+main() {
+	syscall(60, f(1))
+}
+
+f(x) {
+	y := g()
+	return x + y
+}
+
+g() {
+	return 2
+}

tests/programs_test.go

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ var programs = []struct {
 	{"square-sum.q", "", 25},
 	{"chained-calls.q", "", 9},
 	{"nested-calls.q", "", 4},
+	{"parameters.q", "", 3},
 	{"return.q", "", 6},
 	{"reassign.q", "", 2},
 	{"branch.q", "", 0},